The Protégé Effect: Do, Repeat, Teach, Learn

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     If you are a parent of a young child, you know that they are continually growing both in stature and in cognition and therefore, ability. Like any construction project that needs a strong foundation, brains are also built upon a strong foundation and a child’s experiences and interactions help to make their foundation solid. During early childhood, the brain undergoes a series of extraordinary changes with connections forming between the brain cells at a rapid pace. Connections that are regularly used will be kept and those that are not will be eliminated. Because children are learning everyday through experiences, it is important to offer a variety of experiences to learn from as well as repeated experiences. Repetition helps children develop and master new skills as well as allowing them to construct meaning of their world and how they fit into it. Repetition promotes learning and can also be achieved through daily tasks and routines such as making meals and baking in the kitchen. Introduce learning in the kitchen through:

• Numbers and math through weights and measures
• Literacy through books about baking and cooking and reading recipes
• Creative exploration through new ingredients and recipes
• Tactile experiences through kneading dough and the feel of various fruits and vegetables
• Vocabulary through a discussion of what you are making
  

     While adults crave variety, preschoolers thrive on repetition. When preschoolers do things over and over again, they develop and master new skills while also constructing new understandings of their world. Think of how people master a new skill such as baking or playing a musical instrument. It takes repetition and practice. As preschoolers repeat and practice a variety of skills, they build their proficiency in those skills, which in turn leads to greater self-confidence.

     Working in the kitchen also teaches children about cause and effect. Sometimes a recipe might not turn out the way you thought because a step was missed, measured incorrectly or misunderstood. A child can learn from the mishap and repeating the recipe will help them to master the task and allow for success, building confidence and self-esteem. It will also demonstrate to a child that their actions have consequences, both positive and negative. A fun watch to include might be 'Little Bear and the Cupcakes' where Emily and Little Bear’s muffins turn out hard as rocks because they forgot to add baking powder.

     Another way that learning occurs in the kitchen that has a pedagogical association is learning by teaching and we aren’t talking about the parent as the teacher but your child. When a child becomes the teacher, understanding is on a deeper level because the child has taken ownership of their learning. This has also been termed the protégé effect, “a psychological phenomenon where teaching, pretending to teach, or preparing to teach information to others helps a person learn that information.” I remember watching my mother in the kitchen and then later as an adult thought, “no problem, I can handle that” only to discover that it wasn’t working out the way I thought it would. But when I had to do it myself and explain to another what I did or how to do it, it stuck in my mind because I had to struggle to gain an understanding of it and make it clear enough in my mind to explain it to my own child. First hand knowledge is always the best and when someone can explain it and teach it to another, a deeper understanding has been gained and perhaps has even allowed that person to see it in a new way putting a whole new twist on it, fueling the imagination. So, as you cook with your child, have them explain to you what they are doing and why and make sure that you offer opportunities for pretend play to extend the learning.

“Education is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing that is worth learning can be taught.”
Oscar Wilde

     I often find my own daughter in her play kitchen explaining to her dolls and stuffed animals how to make pizza or pancakes or something that we have done in the kitchen. She gathers her ingredients and asks each one what they want on it or in it as the case may be and then she goes on to explain what she needs to make it and how she is making it and voila, she has created her own masterpiece that she proudly displays on her small plates. I find it amusing but then I think, she’s really learning. Her pretend play extends to real world life skills. It’s all about the actual experience of doing.

Just remember that when in the kitchen:

• Messes will happen
• Children need to use their hands for a sensory experience and learning
• Errors are a learning experience and can create a deeper understanding of why and how
• Children are not on the same time schedule as you are. Slow down and make it enjoyable
• Don’t underestimate your child just because of their age
• Allowing your child to “teach” you leads to greater understanding
• Connecting a recipe to a story or cooking to music includes literacy along with singing and movement, aiding in the development of the brain.
  

**We like to think that the warm memories might also include a dad, a grandparent, aunt, uncle or sibling. Happy memory making!**

Happy cooking!

-Kate @ BTBL

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Author

We are three generations that seek a way to get back to basics. It’s not that we eschew technology, but sometimes simpler is better, especially in raising our children. Mom was a reading teacher, Amanda is an early childhood educator and Kate a children’s literature specialist and former school librarian along with the latest additions, a daughter (now 4) for Kate, and two sons (now 1 and a newborn) for Amanda. We advocate reading aloud, the simple toys that use imagination and encourage creativity and learning in the kitchen, which can be a fun mess but also teaches life skills. Join us in raising healthy, happy, inquisitive and intelligent children.